Oil burner



Patented Aug. 3, 1937 UNETED STATES PATENT OFFICIE 18 Claims.

This invention relates to burners of the type covered by Patents Nos. 1,928,688 and 1,935,318, for which applications were filed September 23,

I 1930, Ser. No. 483,779, October 8th, 1931, Ser. No. 567,553, and also disclosed in an application filed September 23, 1932, Ser. No. 634,504. The present application is in part, a continuation of the latter.

The objects of this invention are to simplify 10 and improve the construction of the whirling atomizer head, such improvements concerning greater efficiency and economy of the burner, reduced cost of construction and the like.

These objects and other desirable objects are attained by the novel features of construction, combinations and relations of parts hereinafter described, illustrated and broadly claimed.

The drawing accompanying the forming part of the specification illustrates two different practical forms of the invention, but it will be appreciated that the structure may be further modified as regards these disclosures without departure from the true spirit and broad scope of the invention.

Fig. l is a broken sectional detail of the burner 20 head structure in the form disclosed in the copending application above identified, Ser. No. 634,504.

Fig. 2 is a broken sectional view of a modified form of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan View of the central or intermediate burner plate.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged broken sectional detail illustrating the relation and efiect of the three burner plates.

In Fig. l, the burner is shown as consisting in general of a vertical shaft motor 5, carrying a hollow shaft extension 6, up through which the oil is delivered through radial passages 1, into an upwardly and outwardly flaring throat passage 8, between the intermediate and lower atomizer plates 9, I53.

Above the intermediate atomizer plate is a top plate II, and all three plates are shown as of generally parallel truncated conical form, partly nested one within the other and disposed in inverted relation, so as to provide both the upwardly flaring passage 8, previously mentioned and above that the upwardly flaring passage I2, between intermediate and top plates.

The three plates are secured definitely spaced in the relation described by a spacing shoulder or shoulders on the hollow shaft structure and 55 comprising in the illustration the annular flange or enlargement I3, through which the radial passages I extend, this serving to space the lower and intermediate plates and an interposed collar I4, serving to space the intermediate and top plates, all being secured in this relation by the nuts IS, IS, engaged on screw-threaded portions of the shaft at opposite sides of the spacing shoulder thereon.

The lower plate is shown as cupped in its central portion at I1, to provide a chamber directly in line with the oil outlets 1 and this cupped portion is shown as having perforations I8, in the bottom of the same providing air inlets to the upwardly divergent annular passage 8, between the bottom and intermediate plates.

The intermediate plate is also shown as having perforations I9 therein for admitting air to the upwardly divergent passage I2, between the top and intermediate plates.

A fan 20, adjustably secured at 2|, on the motor shaft extension furnishes air for atomizing and supporting combustion. A portion of the air so supplied passes over the top of the stationary burner head 22, beneath the overlying rim portion of the lower plate, this flow being unmixed with oil and serving for atomizing and combustion supporting purposes and also aiding in sweeping the atomized oil from the edge of the intermediate plate.

The lower plate is shown as having a substantially flat horizontal rim portion 23, directly over the upstanding annular wall 22, of the burner head for directing the rising stream of air out ward beneath the flow of atomized oil thrown off by the intermediate plate. The latter is shown as having a somewhat wider flat horizontal rim portion 24, overlying the flat rim portion 1 of the lower plate and continued as a downwardly divergent flange 25, with a beveled or sharpened lower atomizing edge 26.

The upper plate is indicated as having a still wider horizontal flat rim portion 21, overstanding the flat rim portion of the intermediate plate and terminating in a downwardly angled divergent flange 28, overlying the down-turned flange of the intermediate plate and providing therewith a downwardly flaring passage for directing an air stream down over the top of the atomized oil thrown off by the lip 26.

The structure described thus provides downwardly flowing air streams both above and below the atomizing edge and an upwardly flowing air stream through the burner head as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1, all three streams meeting and combining with the oil thrown off by the atomizing lip, facilitating atomization and promoting complete combustion.

In the modified construction illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the structure is simplified by combining the fan with the plates, the fan here designated 29, being shown as having a flat disc central portion 30, perforated at 3|, to register with perforations H3, in the cup of the lower plate and secured in flat abutting engagement therewith by the lower nut l5. By setting the fan with the perforations therein, either fully or partly registered with the openings in the lower plate, the amount of air supplied to the passages between the plates may be regulated.

Positive displacement and feeding of air to the upper passage I2 is effected in the second form of the invention illustrated, by making the second plate with fan blades 32, these being shown as made of the material displaced to form the openings IS, in the intermediate plate and as being located and properly angled to lift air up into the space between the upper plates and propel the same outwardly and through the downwardly flaring throat between these plates as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2.

Another feature of the construction shown in Figs. 2 and '4, is the provision of the lower plate with a downwardly angled flaring flange 33, covering the underside of the oil delivery flange 25, of the intermediate plate to prevent accumulation of dust and carbon on such flange. This so-called dust lip or flange is shown in the illustration as having a groove providing a sharply angled reentrant shoulder 34, near the upper end of the same forming a parting line for any oil creeping downwardover the surface of this flange and forcing such oil to leave this flange for the underside'of the oil delivery flange 25, thus assuring that all oil will be thrown out from the atomizing 4o lip 26. This action will be particularly clear from Fig. 4, which shows by broken lines how the oil is distributed from the periphery of the bottom plate across the intervening space to the underside of the overlying downwardly inclined flange 25, and how any oil creeping downwardly over the rearwardly flaring surface of flange 33, is thrown off as it meets the sharp edge 34, of the groove, which is formed in this flange rearward of such periphery. This view also makes clear how the oil covered distributing surface on the underside of atomizer flange 25 is protected from dust, which may be carried upward by rising air currents through the burner head by the cover flange or dust lip 33.

The downwardly directedcurrent of air issuing from between the flanges from the top and intermediate plates penetrates the oil spray thrown off by the lip 26 and combines with air coming up from beneath the lower plates to supply oxy- 0 gen sufficient for combustion'without an excess air condition. The necessary air is thus supplied beneath the flame where all of it is used in the process of combustion, there being no excess air condition which would result in high stack tem- 65 peratures.

The flat fan disc secured in flat engagement with the cupped bottom portion of the liquid delivery plate stiifens and reinforces the latter and this flat form of fan also brings the fan. blades 70 up near the top of the surrounding annular burn- 75 ing a. liquid distributing surface and an annular periphery, means to rotate said sprayer and means to feed liquid to said surface to be distributed to said periphery, an annular flange at said periphery flaring rearwardly of said surface and having formed therein rearward of said periphery a groove, the edge thereof first in the path of liquid flow being sharp and a surrounding annular flange carried by said rotary sprayer and overlying said sharp edge to collect liquid thrown therefrom.

2. A device comprising a rotary sprayer having a liquid distributing surface and an annular periphery, means to rotate said sprayer and means to feed liquid to said surface to be distributed to said periphery, an annular flange at said periphery flaring rearwardly of said surface and having formed therein rearward of said periphery a groove, the edge thereof first in the path of liquid flow being sharp and a surrounding annular flange carried by said rotary sprayer and overlying said sharp edge to collect liquid thrown therefrom, said surrounding flange rotating with said plate and having itself a sharp atomizing edge.

3. A device of the character disclosed, comprising a horizontally disposed rotary atomizer plate having a liquid distributing surface and an annular periphery, means to rotate said plate, means to feed liquid to said surface to be distributed to said periphery, a downwardly projecting annular flange at said periphery flaring downwardly from said distributing surface and having formed therein below the periphery a groove, the edge thereof first in the path of liquid flow being sharp and a downwardly projecting surrounding flange overlying said sharp edge.

4. A device of the character disclosed, comprising a horizontally disposed rotary atomizer plate having a liquid distributing surface and an annular periphery, means to rotate said plate,

means to feed liquid to said surface to be distributed to said periphery, a downwardly projecting annular flange at said periphery flaring downwardly from said distributing surface and having formed therein below the periphery a groove, the edge thereof flrst in the path of liquid flow being sharp, a downwardly projecting surrounding flange overlying said sharp edgeand said surrounding flange rotating with said plate and having a sharp lower atomizing edge.

5. In .a-device of the character disclosed, the combination of an upright rotary tubular shaft forming a liquid conduit and provided with liquid outlets in the side of the same, upwardly flaring plates fixedly secured on said shaft above and below said side outlets and a third plate fixed on said shaft in spaced relation above the upper of said first mentioned plates, the lower and intermediate plates having air passages therethrough to admit air from below into the space between the lower and intermediate plates and the space between the intermediate and upper plates to thereby provide for separate streams of air issuing from below and above said intermediate plate and said upper plate having a downwardly flaring flange at the rim of the same for direct ing the upper air stream mentioned downwardly toward the lower air stream and liquid thrown off by the rim of the lower upwardly flaring plate.

6. In a device of the character disclosed, the combination of an upright rotary tubular shaft forming a liquid conduit and provided with liquid outlets in the side of the same, upwardly flaring plates fixedly secured on said shaft above and below said side outlets and a third plate .fixed on said shaft in spaced relation above the upper of said first mentioned plates, the lower and intermediate plates having air passages therethrough to admit air from below into the space between the lower and intermediate plates and the space between the intermediate and upper plates to thereby provide for separate streams of air issuing from below and above said intermediate plate and said upper plate having a downwardly flaring flange at the rim of the same for directing the upper air stream mentioned downwardly toward the lower air stream and liquid thrown off by the rim of the lower upwardly flaring plate and a flat fan disc secured on the shaft in abutting engagement with the lower face of the lower plate, said flat fan disc having openings therethrough registerable with the air admitting openings in said lower plate.

7. In a device of the character disclosed, the combination of an upright rotary shaft, three plates on said shaft in spaced relation, the intermediate one of said plates having an oil distributing downwardly inclined flaring atomizing flange terminating in an oil atomizing edge, means for delivering oil to the underside of said downwardly inclined flaring flange, means for forcing a current of air upwardly and outwardly beneath said atomizing flange, the lower one of said plates being located beneath said atomizing plate and having a downwardly flaring dust lip at the rim of the same covering the oil distributing undersurface of the atomizing flange and protecting the same from dust carried by the rising and outwardly flowing air stream described, said lower and intermediate plates having openings through which air may pass to the space between said intermediate and upper plates above said atomizing flange of the intermediate plate.

8. In a device of the character disclosed, a horizontally disposed rotating atomizing plate of upwardly divergent truncated conical form and provided at the rim thereof with a downwardly flaring flange forming with the other portion of the plate a sharp angle, said flange having a sharpened lower terminal edge, means to feed liquid to the lower surface of said atomizing plate including a rotary shaft mounting said plate and tubular to provide a liquid supply conduit and a cover plate spaced above said first plate and extending out over said downwardly flaring flange at the rim of the same, said cover plate having a downwardly flaring flange overlying said sharpened flange.

9. In a device of the character disclosed, a horizontally disposed rotating atomizing plate of upwardly divergent truncated conical form and provided at the rim thereof with a downwardly flaring flange forming with the other portion of the plate a sharp angle, said flange having a sharpened lower terminal edge, means to feed liquid to the lower surface of said atomizing plate including a rotary shaft mounting said plate and tubular to provide a liquid supply conduit, a cover plate spaced above said first plate and extending out over said downwardly flaring flange at the rim of the same, and a rotating liquid distributing plate below said atomizing plate in communication with said liquid passage in the tubular shaft and having a peripheral portion extending beneath the flange of said atomizing plate to carry liquid to the latter.

10. In a device of the character disclosed, a horizontally disposed rotating atomizing plate of upwardly divergent truncated conical form and provided at the rim thereof with a downwardly flaring flange forming with the other portion of the plate a sharp angle, said flange having a sharpened lower terminal edge, means to feed liquid to the lower surface of said ato-rnizing plate including a rotary shaft mounting said plate and tubular to provide a liquid supply conduit, a cover plate spaced above said first plate and extending out over said downwardly flaring flange at the rim of the same, said atomizing plate having air passages therethrough in the intermediate portion of the same inside the dependent rim flange and fan blades at said air passages for creating air flow through said passages and through the spaces between said atomizing plate and cover plate.

11. In a device of the character disclosed, three horizontally rotating plates, comprising an intermediate and upper and lower plates, in spaced generally parallel relation, means for delivering liquid into the space between the intermediate and the lower rotating plates including a rotary shaft on which the plates are mounted and wln'ch has a liquid feeding conduit extending to the space between said plates and means for forcing air into the space between the intermediate and the top plates.

12. In a device of the character disclosed, three horizontally rotating plates, comprising an intermediate and upper and lower plates, in spaced generally parallel relation, means for delivering liquid into the space between the intermediate and the lower rotating plates including a rotary shaft on which the plates are mounted and which has a liquid feeding conduit extending to the space between said plates, means for forcing air into the space between the intermediate and the top plates and a flaring flange on said topplate surrounding the peripheral portion of the intermediate plate.

13. A device of the character disclosed, comprising three horizontally rotating plates in generally parallel spaced relation, the intermediate of said plates having a downwardly flaring flange at the rim of the same, means for supplying liquid to the lower of said plates including a rotary shaft on which said plates are mounted and having a liquid sup-plying conduit opening to said lower plate and said last mentioned plate having a liquid delivering peripheral portion inside the flange of the intermediate plate. 1

14. In combination, a horizontally disposed liquid delivery plate having a liquid delivering peripheral portion, means for delivering liquid to the surface of said plate, an overstanding atomizing plate over said liquid delivery plate having an atomizer flange surrounding said peripheral portion of said liquid delivery plate, a cover plate over said atomizing plate and means for supporting and rotating said plates, including a rotary shaft on which said plates are secured in spaced superposed relation and having a liquid supply conduit therein opening to said liquid delivery plate and constituting part of the liquid delivering means aforesaid.

15. In combination, a horizontally disposed liquid delivery plate having a liquid delivering peripheral portion, means for delivering liquid to the surface of said plate, an overstanding atomizing plate over said liquid delivery plate having an atomizer flange surrounding said peripheral portion of said liquid delivery plate, a cover plate over said atomizing plate, means for supporting and rotating said plates, including a rotary shaft on which said plates are secured in spaced superposed relation and having a liquid supply conduit therein opening 'to said liquid delivery plate and constituting part of the liquid delivering means aforesaid, said cover plate having a peripheral flange surrounding said atomizer flange of the atomizing plate.

16. In combination, a horizontally disposed liquid delivery plate having a liquid delivering peripheral portion, means for delivering liquid to the surface of said plate, an overstanding atomizing plate over said liquid delivery plate having an atomizer flange surrounding said peripheral portion of said liquid delivery plate, a cover plate over said atomizing plate, means for supporting and rotating said plates, including a rotary shaft on which said plates are secured in spaced superposed relation and having a liquid supply conduit therein opening to said liquid delivery plate and constituting part of the liquid delivering means aforesaid and fan blades on the intermediate portion of the atomizing plate for creating air flow between the plates, said liquid delivery and atomizing plates having passages for admitting air to the space between the plates.

17. An atomizer, comprising three rotating plates spaced to provide air passages therebetween, means for supporting and rotating said plates including a tubular rotary shaft on which said plates are secured in spaced relation, one end plate and the intermediate plate being perforated to admit'air to the passage between said end plate and the intermediate plate and between said intermediate plate and the other end plate and fan blades on the intermediate portion of the intermediate plate for passing air from said first meni tioned passage to the passage between said intermediate plate and the other end plate and means for feeding liquid to be distributed to one of said plates, consisting in part of the tubular shaft aforesaid.

'18. In a device of the character disclosed, the combination of a rotary tubular shaft forming a liquid conduit and provided with peripheral liquid outlets in the side of the same, two flaring truncated conical plates fixedly secured on said shaftat opposite sides of said peripheral liquid outlets and a third plate fixed on said shaft in spaced relation. at one side of one of said first mentioned two plates, said first mentioned plates having air passages therethrough to admit air into the spaces between the intermediate plate and the plates atopposite sides of the same to provide for separate streams of air issuing at opposite sides of the peripheral portion of the intermediate plate and said intermediate plate having a sharp liquid throwing edge at the peripheral portion of the same.

IRVING M. HAYWARD. 

